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Miembros
de la
Sándor Ferenczi Society
Budapest, Hungria
Sándor
Ferenczi Institute Nueva York, U.S.A.
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| Summaries
of Ferenczi's related papers
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- Erös Ferenc,
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- Roazen, Paul,
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- Gallardo C.
Juan V.
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- Gallardo C.
Juan V.
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- Kirschner A.
Lewis,
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- Slipp Samuel,
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- Furer Manuel,
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- Tuber-Oklander
Juan,
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- Martín Cabré.
Luis J.,
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- Raubolt, Richard
R.
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- Azevedo Roberto,
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- Accerboni Paunello,
Ana María.
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- Abadi Sonia,
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- Paz, Carlos
A. (A.P.M.)
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- Sarno Lucio
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- García Badaracco,
Jorge
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- Schueler Reis,
Eliana
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- Gerber, Ignacio
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- Borgogno, Franco
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- Bleichmar,
Hugo
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- Gasparino,
Alba; Genovés, Agustín
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- Fernández Vilano,
Raúl
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- Boschán, P.
J.
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- Jiménez Avello,
José
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- Bonomi Carlo,
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- Michael Balint
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- Alexander,
Franz, M. D.
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- Jeffrey M.
Masson
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- Rogério N.C.
de Souza
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- Jinkis, Jorge
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- Constance Katz,
Ph. D.
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- Spezialle-Bagliacca,
Roberto
- Robert
Kramer
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- Fromm,
Ferenczi and the stalinistic rewriting of history.
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- Ernest Jones’
s particular and tendenctious view about the hungarian
psychoanalyst Sandor Ferenczi, had reign for more
of fifty years in the psychoanalytical world. This
papers shows us historic and reliable antecedents
in the line of veritable understanding -facts and
interpretation- about Ferenczi Case. A vision of the
fundamental role play by Erich Fromm in the process
for replace the Ferenczi’s right position, is
given starting from the investigation make for him
like a critical works over Jones’s statement.
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- Sandor
Ferenczi, technical and historical victim.
In
this article it is presented a number of facts related
with Jones’s and Ferenczi’s life, and of the
relationship between the latter and Freud. In one hand,
this facts make comprehensible the growing and progressive
rivalry of Jones, and also the suppression of some of
Ferenczi’s papers, due not only to theory, but strategic
issues, that is, in regard of the particular moment in
which arise, in the context of the History of Psychoanalysis
Movement. It is argued that Jone’s version about
Ferenczi’s last days, can be seen as a "travestism
of truth" based on his own non resolved negative
transference feelings to Ferenczi, and based on unconfirmed
versions, attempting to destroy not only his position
in the history of psychoanalysis, but also his status
as a pioneer and innovative author.
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Sandor
Ferenczi: Biography
The
present article shows the most important biographic events
in Sándor Ferenczi’s life: his origins, development,
his medical training and affective life; his encounter
with Freud, their 25 years friendship, and their dissidences.
The description of biographical data is accompanied with
speculative hypothesis, which attempt to analyze and understand
the complexity and depth of his professional and affective
relationship with Freud. It is suggested a distinction
between a relationship, generally understood among a neurotic
dynamic, with one as a product of the deeper encounter
of human beings.
Top
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Diagnosys
in Bioanalitic Psychotherapy
A
Bioanalytical Psychotherapy scheme is presented, from the
perspective of Sándor Ferenczi’s postulates about bioanalysis.
In addition to Ferenczi’s contributions to Object Relation
Theory, it is recognized the importance of his concepts
of utraquism, amphimixis and bioanalysis, as a way to integrate
the notion of psychosomatic parallelism and functional identity,
and to draw some metatheoric and clinical principles, as
an attempt to systematize a psychotherapy model. The importance
of diagnosis is discussed.
Journal
of Bioanalytic Psychotherapy. Vol 1, (1) 1998. Santiago
Chile.
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Concept
of reality and psychic reality as seen in the desagreementt
between Freud and Ferenczi.
In
this paper, the concepts of reality and psychic reality
are discussed in relationship to a number of controversies
about the therapeutic and scientific aims of psychoanalysis,
as illustrated by the disagreement between Freud and Ferenczi.
Because the nature of psychic reality is necessarily incomplete
and indeterminate, there are inherent limitations and dangers
to any psychoanalytic attempt to discover historical and
experiential truth. Modell’s interpretation of Nachträglichkeit
("deferred action") as "retranscription" expresses the ambiguity of psychic reality in analysis,
which is not fixed or foundational but part of an evolving
inner and outer dialogue in relation to new experience.
It is argued that Freud accepted this ambiguity, while Ferenczi
sought to overcome it trough modifications of technique.
Journal
of Bioanalytic Psychotherapy. Volumen 1 Año 1, 1998. Santiago
Chile.
Top
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Freud's
mather, Ferenczi and the seduction theory.
This
article develops an hypothesis of why Freud abandonerd his
seduction theory. It is argued that this decision is an
attempt to deny the traumatic impac of others in neurosis
formation, since he could not deal with his own seduction
experiences linked with his feelings of being abandoned
and his ambivalence towards his mother. To support this
hypothesis biographic data is presented, in relation to
Freud and his family, analyzing some dreams took from Freud/Fliess
correspondence, Jones biography and Ferenczi's articles.
Journal
of Bioanalytic Psychotherapy. Vol.1, 1, 1998. Santiago
Chile.
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Changes
in Psychoanalytic technique.
The
present paper is a critical revision of some of the most
widely discussed technical parameters in current clinical
psychoanalysis: the role of therapist and patient, and the
nature of the psychoanalytical encounter. It starts with
a revision of the theoretical and technical contributions
of Sandor Ferenczi, where the author considers his impact
in the contemporary analytical tendencies, comparing it
with the standard analytic technique, making some considerations
about representational objects, dynamics, transference and
countertransference.
Journal
of Bioanalytic Psychotherapy. Vol. 1, (1), 1998.
Santiago Chile.
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Sandor Ferenczi
and the birth
of the
Object Relation Theory.
The
present article is a revision of Sandor Ferenczi contributions
to Object Relation Theories development. It considers the
fundamental differences between Freud and Ferenczi, in terms
of their conceptions about human nature, as well as their
considerations about psychoanalitic treatment, in light
of their particular ontological and epistemological underlying
points of view, and the complexity of their relationship.
It clearly distinguish between Freud’s Pulsional Theory
and the Object Relation Theory approach. The author strongly
ilustrate Ferenczi statements that sustain his approach,
giving examples in Balint, Fairbain, Winnicott, Kernberg
and Kohut; to finally offer a clear vision about the ontological
concept that support this theory, its agreement with the
contributions of Ferenczi all over his work, giving a bright
analysis of Freud/Ferenczi controversy and its deepest reasons.
Paper
presented in the International Congress "Ferenczi
and the Contemporary Psychoanalysis" Madrid, with
the support of the Madrid Psychoanalitic association and
the Sandor Ferenczi Society, 6 to 8 march, 1998.
Top
- Ferenczi's
contributions to countertransference.
The
author develops the "countertransference" topic,
starting from the first freudian statements about the concept,
and the role played by Sandor Ferenczi as the most clasical
author in this contemporary and inescapable psychoanalitic
theme. Pointing out Freud attitude, not necessarily critic
about countertransference, it get demonstrated how Ferenczi
was the first one in introduced the techinical parameter
of the use of countertransference as the major clinical
tool, the concept of "empathy" and the second
analyst psychoanalitic rule. Later, certain aspects of Ferenczi’s
clinical approach are developed, like the repetition compulsion
role, the therapeutic regression, transference-countertransference
interplay, and the different ferenczian experimentations,
relating them with contemporary works of Winnicott, Racker,
Sales, M. Little, and P. Heimanns.
The
article, shows how many of the ideas atributed to those
authors and many others, had been sensed, in a great amount,
by Ferenczi, though anticipating himself to many contemporary
theories, in terms of the utility of countertransference,
projective identification and projective counteridentification,
as indispensable technical instruments for analytic work,
the recognition of the analyst emotional involvement and
the possibility to fathom patients transference and notice
and understand the countertransferential reactions.
Paper
presented in the International Congress "Ferenczi
and the Contemporary Psychoanalysis" Madrid, with
the support of the Madrid Psychoanalitic association and
the Sandor Ferenczi Society, 6 to 8 march, 1998.
Top
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Ferenczi's
clinical experimentation with therapeutic regression.
The
article examine Ferenczi contributions to the Therapeutic
Regression topic in Psychoanalysis. It sustained the process
taken by Ferenczi from the Freudian conception of Regression;
that is, as a defensive mechanism, as a resistance and as
an expression of the Repetition Compulsion process, to his
approach which places it as the most relevant therapeutic
aspect inside the process of change, and its relation with
the transference and countertransference process,and the
unique characteristics of the analyst.
The
author looks into the articles where Ferenczi elaborated
different aspects of Regression: About Obscene words (1912),
Temporary Symptoms; Construction during analysis(1912),
Two Kinds of war neuroses (1916-1917), Principles of Relaxation
and Neocatharsis (1930), Child Analysis in Adult Analysis(1931)
and Confusion of Tongues (1933), noting the first critical
reflections about this topic, the theoretical analysis and
the three ferenczian exploratory moments: active therapy,
relaxation therapy, and mutual analysis. The author, at
the same time, looks into this different evolutionary moments
in Ferenczi’s work, in the light of Freud /Ferenczi
relationship.
Paper
presented in the International Congress "Ferenczi
and the Contemporary Psychoanalysis" Madrid, with
the support of the Madrid Psychoanalitic association and
the Sandor Ferenczi Society, 6 to 8 march, 1998.
Top
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Influence
of Ferenczi's concepts in contemporary psychoanalitic
thecnique.
The
author expose some technical and therapeutic procedures
that he uses in his clinical work, elaborated and based
in the contributions of Ferenczi, as a practical demonstration
of the utility of ferenczian therapeutic principles. Taking
account of Ferenczi innovations in relation with transference
and countertransference, the nature of the analyst-analysand
relationship, the role of regression and acting-out, the
analyst empathy and humanism; the author illustrates with
two therapeutic processes, a psychosis case and a case of
a borderline "as if" personality, the use of active
technique parameters, of analytic interpretation and some
"mutuality", along with some work in nurturing
and acting-out elaboration, and the use of empathy and non
empathy.
The
article represents a kind of intervention in which it is
clearly perceptible the ferenczian clinical work spirit,
discussing, at the same time, through this cases, some aspects
of Freud/Ferenczi relationship, about the old controversy
between remember and elaborate, and propose some instructive
relations between Ferenczi’s mutual analysis, as it
is understood by the author, and the use of "mutualistic" elements as he is being using it in psychotherapy.
Paper
presented in the International Congress "Ferenczi
and the Contemporary Psychoanalysis" Madrid, with
the support of the Madrid Psychoanalitic association and
the Sandor Ferenczi Society, 6 to 8 march, 1998.
Top
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Accerboni
Pavanello, Ana María.
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The "Psychoanalitic
Development". A crucial change in the history of
the interaction between theory and technique in psychoanalysis.
The
article is a description of the historical, theorical and
inner political circunstances that surround the publication
of the paper "Psychoanalysis Developmental Perspectives" wrote by S. ferenczi and O.Rank. It is noted how, begining
with Freud interest in proposing reflections about the relationship
between psychoanalitic theory and technique, this two authors
took the challenge of elaborate a paper altogether, that
looked into the technical parameters already in use, ending
with a work that would impact the bases of the psychoanalytic
movement. It is described Freud reaction, and commitee members
as well, in special Abraham and Jones; an also the two revolutionary
thesis, that is, transference and repetition as nuclear
aspects of every treatment; and the meaning of the mother-child
relationship, participating in this debate.
Finaly
the paper presents some Ferenczi derivations raised from
this work, in special about the meaning of trauma and the
role of the analyst, and more subtly about the efforts for
maintain his relation with Freud alive.
Paper
presented in the International Congress "Ferenczi
and the Contemporary Psychoanalysis" Madrid, with
the support of the Madrid Psychoanalitic association and
the Sandor Ferenczi Society, 6 to 8 march, 1998
Top
Ferenczi -
Winnicott: From therapeutic
passion to
therapeutic Audacy
The
article develops a kind of counterpoint between S. Ferenczi
and D.W. Winnicott starting from the own author’s subjectivity.
It begins with a commentary about the personal and characterological
characteristics of both, to later goes deeper in the theoretical
aspects open by them: of Ferenczi, the transeference-countertransference
significance, the repetition and regression processes, the
role of the analyst as a holder; of Winnicott, the holding
and the basic fault.
Later
the author revises some aspects related with the technique
and the contributions of both Ferenczi and Winnicott; of
the former: active therapy, techical elasticity and mutual
analysis; of the later: the hate in countertransference,
active adaptation, the frame use and meaning, to the holding
and transitional space functions. Finally develops the idea
about the final answer of the authors to analytic clinical
problems: Ferenczi’s mutual analysis, and Winnicott’s
play, geting entwined behind this two options the same spirit,
the healing love.
Paper
presented in the International Congress "Ferenczi
and the Contemporary Psychoanalysis" Madrid, with
the support of the Madrid Psychoanalitic association and
the Sandor Ferenczi Society, 6 to 8 march, 1998.
Top
Control and
misscontrol in regressions.
A revision
of the theoretical schemes and clinical views.
Works
with regressions, from Ferenczi’s explorations, are
develop from a contemporary theoretical and clinical view.
The author revises the contributions of Freud related with
transference, regression and oniric regression, as well
as the distinction of regression as a patogenic factor,
a defensive mechanism, and a therapeutic aid. Later, sumarizes
Ferenczi’s works about spliting and disociation, pointing
him as a leader in this kind of treatment. After some few
notes about Ferenczi’s patient: Elizabeth Severn, the
author presents Michael Balint statements about the topic,
his concept of "basic fault" and the distinction
between benign regression and malignant regression, noting
the distinctive criteria.
More
contemporaryly the author revises some contributions of
Harold Stewart, "...who mantains a continuity with
Ferenczi and Balint lines of investigations in the field
of regression (1989) (1983)", of Paula Heimann, Susan
Isaacs and Donald Winnicott.
Finally
the author, presents two clinical cases, one of bening regression
and other of malignant regression, as a way to ilustrate
the previously discussed concepts, and as an example of
the use of technical parameters in this clinical field.
Paper
presented in the International Congress "Ferenczi
and the Contemporary Psychoanalysis" Madrid, with
the support of the Madrid Psychoanalitic association and
the Sandor Ferenczi Society, 6 to 8 march, 1998.
Top
From Confusion
of tongues to common sense: Ferenczi, Bion and the fundamentals
of analytic relationship.
The
author intends to draw some proximity between Ferenczi’s
and Wilfred Bion’s thoughts, specially in relation
with Ferenczi’s notion of the role of the analyst and
countertransference during analysis , and Bion’s "reverie" function; starting from certain factors in common, such
as their interest in difficul patients, their approach in
relation with the psychic functioning in precocious developmental
phases, and the significance of child first relationship
with parental figures and subtitutes.
Two
specific aspects of Ferenczi’s "Confusion of
Tongues:The language of tenderness and passion" are
related with Bion reflections of "common sense"in
a line that sustain a homogeneous view around the psychic
emotional origin, the role of ferenczian trauma and its
impact in the infant psychis: atomization and spliting,
with Bion ideas about the fate of frustration in primary
emotional experiences of the baby with the mother, specially
in relation with the "thinking" functioning.
Top
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Ferenczi and
contemporary Psychoanalysis.
Arguments
in relation with the need of considerate Ferenczi’s
and Freud’s ideas from an integrative perspective,
understanding them as complementary systems, lead the author
to revise the current significance of Ferenczi thought.
Quoting Balint’s expression "Ferenczi was missunderstood
and bad quoted", the article shows Ferenczi innovations,
specially in relation with "activity" pointing
it more to the sense of the proposition than to its literaly
meaning.
Relating
ferenczian concepts with Ferenczi’s reflections, arose
from a large experience with difficult patients, the article
expose some aspects of the "mind patogenic power" with clever appreciations about inner object relationship,
interdependece links and the existence of identification
and transferential mechanism in this patients.
Dr.Badaracco
develops a brilliant synthesis, in which he points the
most determinant aspects of Ferenczi thought, the role
of suffering and trauma, the quality of the analytic relationship,
psychic mechanism, self structure, and the role of repetition
in the analytic context, offering a concrete testimony
about the significance of integrating Freud and Ferenczi
thought in contemporary development of psychoanalysis.
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Raped soul
and sense death.
The
author extends ferenczian thought to the question of psychic
trauma reality, considering papers as "The unwelcome
child and his death instinct" (1929) , "Stages
in the development of the sense of reality" (1913)
and "The adaptation of the family to the child" (1927), pointing her own understanding of them, which is
the same as Ferenczi, in relation to the confusion of tongues
between the child and the adult, expresed in contemporary
psychoanalytic terminology, of trauma, denial, and intersubjectivity.
Later
the author propose the antithesis "erotization -
no disposition understanding the first as a "traumatic"
agressive trend, and the other one as a rejection of every
contact that is suceptible of an ambiguous interpretation
(Hacking, Y 1995; Cyrulnik, B 1993), exposing the risk
of an afective contact failure between adult and child.
Finally, through a clinical case, the description and
analysis of a "dream", the author takes back
Ferenczi’s deeper clinical spirit in an applied ilustration
of far-reaching ferenczian thought in the therapeutic
relationship.
Top
Revuelta
B. Pilar, y Rolán V. Beatriz
El recuerdo
y la vivencia.
In
turn of "remembering" and "experience"
concepts, the authors revise the role of "remembering"
and "repeting" in analytic thecnique, stablishing
a critical point arose from Ferenczi and Rank text "Developments
in Psychoanalysis" (1924). They set on this two clinical
conceptions: Freud and "memories", looking for
"remembering" and Ferenczi and the "experience"
looking for "repetition", the origins of this
different approaches to understand the therapeutic relationshiop
and the technical solutions. Nevertheless, knowing the difference
between both, the article sustain two groups of patients
and the quality of each approach in the particular domain
from which they have been originated.
Later
the article tries to explain the limits of vivential repetition
asd way to access the memory, supporting it in Ferenczi’s
conception of "trauma" and its effects.
Top
Gerber.
Ignacio
Ferenczi,
Bion, Matte-Blanco; toward a logic of emotions.
Starting
from the last reflections of Ferenczi, specially "The
confusion of tongues between adults and the child: the language
of tenderness and passion", the article bring us near
to the understanding of ferenczian work as an essential
counterpoint with Freud’s work, looking forward an
integration of both. Considering references related with
the identification process and the splitting of the ego,
it points out the relationship between the identification
phase and the language of tenderness, to later argue that
the latter, as a language, turns into an equivalent factor
of human ways of being, introducing the problem of humanizing
the being.
The
author compares those languages with some aspects of Bion’s
thought, in particular tenderness with generalization,
implying a belonging sentiment, and passion with restriction,
an also certain bionian concepts about the relationship
between the general and the particular. Later, it mentions
some references of Matte-Blanco’s thought, and his
investigations about the logical principles of unconscious
expression,: language and anti-language, symmetrical logic
and asymmetrical logic, and the conscious/unconscious
process as a continuum. Considering that the author does
not intend to equate Ferenczi’s language with some
Matte-Blanco proposals-ways of being-, neither Bion’s
-barriers of contact- is a noteworthy attempt to bring
these authors thought near to the process of humanizing
the being.
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Elasticity
of technique as a project
and analytic
development of Sandor Ferenczi.
The
author points out those characteristics of Ferenczi that
seem to be present from his pre analytic writings: his ability
to cope prejudices, mistakes and limitations critically,
and his questioning about hypocrisy, which allow him to
be able to outline the dynamic and purpose of the two human
beings encounter, which led him to his proposal of the elasticity
of analytic technique. A bright metaphor with sexual activity,
is used to reflect the nature of this two unconscious encounter.
Starting
from the sentence: " if Freud has invented psychoanalysis,
Ferenczi has incarnate it, living it on his own skin",
the author introduce us to human, affective, and moral
dimension that he recognizes as fundamental, and which
Ferenczi did testify masterly, in order to understand
the nature of the analysand/analyst encounter. A bright
analysis of the intersubjectivity that constitute the
"healing" action, considering the role of empathy
-the "feel with" of Ferenczi- transference and
countertransference, describes in this "metapsychology
of the psychical process of analyst" the reflections
of the author about the ferenczian clinical spirit.
Top
Unconcious
states of mind (the unshaped, the repression, the freudian
Untergang) and its consequences to analytic treatment.
From
ferenczian statements about the therapeutic adequacy to
patient peculiarities, and ways of structuring the psychical,
the article presents some ideas of the author about the
unconscious, making a four aspects differentiation: the
secondarily unconscious (what having being in consciousness
made itself unconscious through repression); the originally
unconscious (what it has never been in consciousness); the
Untergang, what having being in the unconscious lost its
power to the point of not constitute an active presence
any more, the sectorial deactivating of the unconscious,
and finally the un-record in the unconscious , what never
got constituted.
Analyzing
some ideas of Freud, Ferenczi and some other contemporary
authors like: Klein, Lacan, Spitz, Bowlby, in relation
with those different structures of the psyches, the author
considers the consequences that they imply for psychotherapy,
analyst characteristic, the neutral or emotional involved
attitude, and finally, going right to the core of therapy,
specially the case of the un-record in the unconscious,
the article propose the dichotomy of the Facilitating
or Supporting Environment, a most complex modality of
the classic problem about the psychic and the inter-subjective
as a modulator of mind, that implies the role of the analyst
as a catalyst of the wishing function affective catexis.
Top
Gasparino.
Alba, Genovés. Agustín
Sandor Ferenczi
feminist spirit
The
article tries to follow the evolution of Sandor Ferenczi
ideas about de feminine psychology, starting from some
preoccupation and empathic identification with the feminine.
he article makes a distinction between two moments in
Ferenczi’s thought. A first time related with two
topics: effects of precocious ejaculation in women, and
the social determination of feminist psychology which
would organize around the concept of women subjection
to patriarchal order. A second time, in which two lines
of thought developed: one the confirmation of certain
Freudian ideas about masculine libido and secondary femininity,
in its double dimension, filogenetic and ontogenetic;
and the other in relation with the coitus function besides
procreation. The authors revise different writings of
Ferenczi’s theory about the topic, going from the
feminine as a patriarchal culture symptom to an understanding
in which bioanalytical aspects arose as a proposal of
psychic structure configuration.
Top
The
authors considering that Ferenczi introduces a totally original
view about the feminine, describe the metapsychological
analysis that Ferenczi does about the feminine and the masculine,
as he derives the sexual difference as a consequence of
a confrontation in primal times. Considering mostly the
reflections of "Thalassa" (1924) and "Feminine
and Masculine" (1929), they propose the topic of turning
back to the mother womb, instead of the topic of the possession
of the phallus, as the sexuality thematic core in ferenczian
proposal. They describe the duality between self-affirmation
(egotistical principle) and conciliation instinct (altruistic
principle) as structuring aspects of nature as a whole,
distinguishing them from Freudian "Eros" and "thanatos",
opening an interesting discussion about "masoquism",
reality principle and pleasure principle.
One
of the most relevant aspects of this paper, is the consideration
of the knowledge obtained through Ferenczi’s "utraquistic
method", that underlies his bioanalytic model; and
the analysis of how this metapsychological factors initiate
a psychotherapeutic model of the feminine, of primal psychic
structures and everything that extend the instinctual.
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Regression
and Countertransferential confussion of tongues.
Considering
that Ferenczi’s work, specially those of his last years,
beyond its coincidence or desagrement with Freud’s
work "restore the repressed and splited in its origin
to the doctrinal corps of psychoanalysis", the author
analize in the present article the topics opened by the
hungarian psychoanalyst in his last works: the outside or
inside origin of instincts, the traumatic sexual seduction
theory, and his reflections in "confussion of tongues
between adult and child".
Considering
Oedipal and traumatic guilt, the author analize the concept
of psychical spliting, developed by Ferenczi, making a
difference between the Oedipal regression and the one
that occurs in the splited part of the ego. An analysis
of the role of transference and countertransference is
made, trying to place in an objective way, the streght
and weakness of the ferenczian approach, also trying to
support the authors statements in regard to this topics.
Top
The
article is mainly dedicated to regression in transference
as an instrument to approach severely regressive patients.
Types of regressions described by Freud are discussed: topical,
temporal and formal regression, and then they are considered
in relation with the field where they belong, namely the
psychic or intersubjective, noting the Freudian and ferenczian
accent respectively in them.
Taking
account of the "analyst’s methapsychology"
implicit in Ferenczi’s approach, the relationship between
trauma and pathogenesis, and the importance of regression
during treatment, the author expose two cases presented
by Dr. Jon Sklar, specially in relation with the understanding
of regression as an inter-subjective experience.
The
cases of a schizophrenic female patient, and one of a
serious hysteria, are used with the purpose of understand
facts like the role of the analyst, the magnitude of the
regression, and reality character of psychic contents
in the first case, and the defensive function of erotic
transference in the second case. Particularly interesting
is the analysis that considers regression as a searching
for gratification and the one that search for recognition
(Balint) as well as some clinical aspects; and considerations
about regression and repetition.
Top
Death instinct
or death passion ?
The
author considers some Ferenczi’s concepts that point
to a reformulating of some certain Freudian metapsychological
notions, in particular, those referred with the "death
instinct" . Using as a source of analysis some posthumous
notes of Ferenczi, and some material from this Clinical
Diary of 1933, the author points out the reasons that led
Ferenczi to dissent with Freud’s dualistic conception
of "death instinct-life instinct", orientating
himself to a monistic conception :"No more than the
life instinct", in which from the instinctual duality
of tendencies not absolutely opposed it is possible to understand
the destructiveness of the human being.
his
new instinctual conception, contrast the "death insctint"
with the existence of certain mechanisms of mimicry (dissolution,
autoplastic) of "foreign transplants" and the
concept of "passion", organizing them around an
intersubjective dynamic between the adult and the child.
The precocious and mass trauma, that occurred early in life,
become linked with the development and maturity of the psychic
apparatus, interrupting its natural evolution and inserting
a "death passion", as an inevitable consequence
of identification mechanisms, splitting and pathologic introjections
of the external.
The
dichotomy "death instinct (Freud) and "death
passion" (Ferenczi), opens a series of new reflections
about theory, metapsychology, clinic, as we have seen
developed in this last years. Finally a clinical vignette
(Eloisa) comes to light this theoretical aspects with
a dynamic understanding as a reflex of the heuristic power
of such theory.
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Ferenczi’s
allegation about Ferenczi’s mental deterioration:
a reassesment.
The
article summarizes the extensive paper "Flight into
sanity: a reassessment of Jones allegation about Ferenczi’s
mental deterioration" of the same author. In this summary
it is presented a large and accurate historical investigation
developed from a number of edited an non-edited documents,
that agree or rebut Ernerst Jones opinion appeared in Freud’s
Biography, specially in volume III of Sigmund Freud’s
life and work.
At
first the author expose Jones’s allegations about Ferenczi:
mental regression, pathologic evolution, "paranoia",
progressive mental deterioration, violent paranoid outburst
and homicidal crisis, pointing out in first place how Jones
seemed so convinced about Ferenczi’s pathologic evolution,
and second Jones’s belief that everybody around Freud
felt the same. Later, it is exposed the reactions of the
analytic community to such statements, in one hand, its
extensive and immediate reception and even its wide range
acceptance by some revisionist without any independent research
or reference study, and , in the second hand, the isolated
reactions of those who were close to Ferenczi until his
last days, and could give a first hand testimony about the
falseness of such allegations: Izette de Forest, Clara Thompson,
Alice Lowell.
Finally,
it is described Erich Fromm’s investigation, who
collect numbers of testimonies which demonstrate the falseness
of the imputations, and the difficulties he had in relation
with Balint’s and Lajos Levy`s testimonies, the former,
Ferenczi’s literary executor and the later his physician.
altogether with the conclusion of how the consulted documents
does not support Jones allegations against Ferenczi, the
author makes an interesting explanatory analysis of the
major causes that sustained a collusion of such natures
between Jones and the analytic community.
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Sandor Ferenczi’s
Last Year.
This
publication is the letter that Michael Balint, literary
executor of Ferenczi, published in relation with Ernst Jones
statements about Ferenczi, outlined in his Sigmund Freud’s
Biography, specially in Volume 3. Mainly the author points
out the statements used by Jones to devaluate Ferenczi’s
theoretical developments as much as his contribution to
the psychoanalytic movement, adding some statements about
the quality and projection of Ferenczi thought. The letter
is a testimony of an eyewitness of Ferenczi’s last
days, and of the particular symptoms of his illness as well
as his mental state. Balint certifies Ferenczi’s mental
clearness and brightness.
This
text is an historical document fundamental to the understanding
of a number of events regarding the knowledge of psychoanalysis
true history and how Ferenczi became stigmatize, the role
played by the analyst at that time: Jones, Balint, Fromm,
Thompson and others, and the understanding of the supposed
existing motivation in the analytic community to ignore
Ferenczi thought.
Int. J.
Psychoanal., 39:68 (IJP)
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On Ferenczi's
principle of Relaxation.
The
article is about a lecture give by F. Alexander in 1932,
entitled "the meaning of emotional attitudes in the
psychoanalytic situation" in which the author expose,
in a time very close to the previous publication of Sandor
Ferenczi’s paper "Child analysis in Adult analysis"
(1931), his appreciation about the "relaxation principle"
introduced by Ferenczi in psychoanalytic stream (second
innovation after the active technique). Alexander, based
on the principles developed by Ferenczi, questions the significance
of the "neutral" , non emotional and objective
analyst pointing out his own activity as an analyst including
some elements of "relaxation"
The
article contains a very interesting clinical vignette about
the analysis of a young delinquent with mendacity, that
draws clearly the author’s understanding of ferenczian
statements. Finally the paper includes some words about
the circumstances that allow the use of the relaxation principle
and its limitations.
Int. J.
Psychoanal., 14:183 (IJP)
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The Secret
Diary of Sandor Ferenczi and the mutual analysis experiment.
The
controversial author of "Assault to truth" writes
another book "Against therapy" in which he dedicates
a chapter to Ferenczi, called "The secret diary and
the mutual analysis experiment".
In
this text, critic and polemic, the author assign a chapter
to comment some of the revolutionary ideas of the Hungarian
analyst. After a brief biographic presentation and about
the Ferenczi/Freud relationship, comments some aspects of
the "Clinical Diary" specially in regard to sexual
traumas and mutual analysis, emphasizing Ferenczi innovations
about the analytic relationship, the risk of interpreting
and confronting, the self-analysis and analyst self-criticism,
highlighting the originality of the judgments made by Ferenczi,
over 1932, specially in relation with the development of
the so called sexual trauma theory and the parallel he did
between it and the analytic situation.
The
external and radical of Masson’s judgments over psychotherapy,
and some terms of the general psychological clinic, and
his commentaries about the "mutual analysis" proposal, even they do not include proper dynamic elements,
undoubtedly they do capture the critical essence of the
spirit that guided Ferenczi to explore this particular
innovations, putting him on advance for more than half
a century from his time.
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Some Clinical
repercussions of trauma since Ferenczi
The
article starts making a relation, by virtue of the author’s
clinical practice, the situation of an intrusive endeavor
with the concept of trauma and its consequences to the child
in terms of a "self" disturbance, linking this
concepts with Winnicott’s and Ferenczi’ s ideas.
Through
the presentation of a clinical case, that the author, relates
with the tragic life of H. Ibsen’ character Peer Gyant,
introduces the characteristics of the patient and describes
his regression state. Along his clinical description it
is possible to observe the relations made by the author
between his own practice and the theoretical/clinical statements
made by Winnicott and Ferenczi.
Later
defines Winnicot and Ferenczi approach as a relational/structural
model, where the analysis depends on the relationship, it
is structure in transference and countertransference, and
works with "self" original needs, making a difference
between this approach concept of regression and the classical
meaning of it as a "libido fixation".
Finally,
the author relates both approaches with Leibniz philosophic
position, pointing out that maybe the so called borderline,
narcissistic and even psychotic patients could all be
included and understood as "self disturbances".
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This
first version of the Clinical Diary, directed by Jorge Jinkins
and Luis Guzman, translated by Beatriz Castillo in 1988,
was one of the best, pioneer and avant-garde efforts, to
diffuse Ferenczi’s thought to the Spanish spoken community.
Advance for a decade from Amorrortu’s official publication
of "Without Simphaty there is no cure: Clinical Diary"
of Sandor Ferenczi, 1997, Conjetural edition counts with
a brilliant introduction by Jorge Jinkins, which has the
peculiarity of being a brief an unknown view, where its
richness of thoughts seem to capture clearly the ferenczian
world. A precise synthesis of Jones and other analyst role,
along with a succinct biographic vision, are followed by
bright commentaries in relation with the place where to
begin to understand Ferenczi. Although this is a text difficult
to obtain, Jinkins’ brief introduction, posses a kind
of sharpness hard to found, which invites us to reflect
with more property about the limits of Ferenczi’s work.
in "Clinical
Diary" Sándor Ferenczi (Ediciones Conjetural, 1988
Buenos Aires, Argentina).
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In
this article the author states the need to review Ferenczi’s
contribution related with his last paper "Confussion
of Tongues between adult and child" from two different
perspectives: the propper relationship between patient and
analyst and the importance of "the exogenous factor"
in the development of neurosis. About the first one, the
author says that the real value of Ferenczi’s contribution
is best understood if one considers the ideas in the manner
in which they are presented, that is, as a statement of
a philosophy of relationship, noting among Ferenczi’s
statements much of the contemporary psychoanalitic concepts
as the corrective experience through the thaerapist becoming
a "new good object" for the patient, the emphasis
on indiviual pathology as arising from pathogenis relationships,
and the concepts of transference and countertransference.
The
second perspective, states Ferenczi’s difficulty to
sustain his own ideas about psychopathology and psychotherapy,
due to his relationship with Freud, and the possibility
that Ferenczi had not been aware that his criticism of freudian
method implied a questioning of the instinct theory.
Finally,
the author through a description of the major theoretical
statements of Ferenczi about trauma, and the analyst’
role in the analytic process, brought to a conclusion
that probably the next stage in Ferenczi’s technical
development would be to move toward the "good enough
analyst" being able to hold and frustate the patient
optimally.
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Spezialle-Bagliacca,
Roberto
Ferenczi:
Body, holding and countertransference.
In
this article the author describes in the first place, the
concepts contained in his paper, starting from the definition
of countertransference in a widht sense as "every reaction
of the analyst to the patient", statng that it is unnecesary
to make a distinction between countertransference and projective
counteridentification, because they became different when
the countertransference is analized.
Though
an analogy of the instrument called the Viola D’amore,
he expose from his perspective the principal points that
constitute the relationship between analyst and patient:
analyst’ s corporal empathy, analyst’s hoding,
and analyst hability to "touch" the patient.
He
states that Ferenczi was the first one to give importance
to the "analyst language", and also to atient
non-verbal behavior during the analytic process. The authodçr
says that the corporal notion in Ferenczi followed different
stages: the first one the body as an interference to the
process, the second the intention to insert the body into
the process, and the last, notably in relation to trauma,
the regressive corporal states. The author also made a
link between this stages with the evoluton of ferenczian
techniques, in its different moments.
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